Diagnóstico e intervenciones psicoterapéuticas acerca de los trastornos parafílicos: Una revisión sistemática
Diagnosis and psychotherapeutic interventions for paraphilic disorders: A systematic reviewBarra lateral del artículo
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Los Trastornos Parafílicos (TP) son aquellas conductas psicosexuales desadaptativas y aberrantes que constituyen una enfermedad mental, que necesitan un abordaje psicoterapéutico y psiquiátrico. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los diagnósticos e intervenciones psicoterapéuticas más utilizadas en pacientes con trastornos parafílicos. La metodología empleada fue la revisión sistemática descriptiva, apoyada en PRISMA. La búsqueda se realizó en bases de datos como Scopus, Web of Science y PsycInfo, en cuanto a los controles de calidad se ejecutó una evaluación metodológica de los artículos empíricos con la Psychotherapy Outcome Study Methodology Rating Form (POMRF). Los resultados de búsqueda arrojaron 266 registros de los cuales siguiendo y cumpliendo con los criterios inclusión y exclusión fueron seleccionada 18 estudios acerca de la intervención psicoterapéutica de los TP. Se concluye que el DSM-V es una de las herramientas más utilizadas por profesionales de la salud mental para diagnosticar y clasificar el TP; en cuanto a las intervenciones terapéuticas más utilizadas para los TP corresponden al uso de fármacos (antilibidinal y antiandrógena) y la Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual (TCC).
Paraphilic Disorders (PD) are those maladaptive and aberrant psychosexual behaviors that constitute a mental illness, which need a psychotherapeutic and psychiatric approach. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the most commonly used diagnoses and psychotherapeutic interventions in patients with paraphilic disorders. The methodology used was a descriptive systematic review, supported by PRISMA. The search was carried out in databases such as Scopus, Web of Science and PsycInfo, and a methodological evaluation of the empirical articles was carried out using the Psychotherapy Outcome Study Methodology Rating Form (POMRF). The search results yielded 266 records of which 18 studies on the psychotherapeutic intervention of PT were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. It is concluded that the DSM-V is one of the tools most used by mental health professionals to diagnose and classify PT; the most commonly used therapeutic interventions for PT correspond to the use of drugs (antilibidinal and anti-androgen) and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT).
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