Propiedades Psicométricas del Inventario de Intereses Vocacionales de Holland en estudiantes universitarios ecuatorianos

• Resumen
• Abstract

El Inventario de Intereses Vocacionales de Holland se ha posicionado como una herramienta valiosa para evaluar los tipos de personalidad relacionados con el mundo laboral. El objetivo del estudio evaluar las propiedades psicométricas del Test Vocacional de Holland en estudiantes universitarios de la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, sede Cuenca, en Ecuador. El enfoque es cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo-correlacional, diseño no experimental. Para abordar esto, se aplicó el Test Vocacional Holland, Este estudio evaluó las propiedades psicométricas del test en estudiantes universitarios La fiabilidad se midió mediante el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach (entre .848 y .904), indicando buena consistencia interna. El análisis factorial confirmatorio mostró un ajuste adecuado del modelo de seis factores de Holland (SRMR = 0.03, RMSEA = 0.04, CFI = .96, TLI = .97). Las correlaciones significativas con otras medidas respaldaron la validez convergente del instrumento. En conclusión, el Test Vocacional Holland es fiable y válido para la orientación vocacional en estudiantes universitarios ecuatorianos, aunque se recomiendan estudios adicionales en otras regiones de Ecuador.

Within the framework of the LALA Project – Academic Counseling, implemented by the Universidad Politécnica Salesiana since 2020, it was identified that students had academic problems due to their vocational choices. To address this, the Holland Vocational Test, also known as the Holland Vocational Interests Inventory (SDS), which classifies vocational preferences into six categories: Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, and Conventional, was applied. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the test in Ecuadorian university students to determine its adequacy and effectiveness. The Holland Vocational Interests Inventory was used, and statistical analyses were conducted to evaluate the reliability and validity of the instrument. Reliability was measured using Cronbach's alpha coefficient (ranging from .848 to .904), indicating good internal consistency. Confirmatory factor analysis showed an adequate fit of the six-factor Holland model (SRMR = 0.03, RMSEA = 0.04, CFI = .96, TLI = .97). Significant correlations with other measures supported the instrument's convergent validity. In conclusion, the Holland Vocational Test is reliable and valid for vocational guidance in Ecuadorian university students, although additional studies in other regions of Ecuador are recommended.