Estrés aculturativo: implicaciones y efectos adversos en la vida del migrante
Acculturative stress: implications and adverse effects on the life of migrantsContenido principal del artículo
El estrés aculturativo resulta del proceso de adaptación, aprendizaje y adopción de normas, valores y comportamientos característicos a otra cultura distinta. El propósito de esta revisión sistemática fue identificar las implicaciones y los efectos adversos que este tipo de estrés tiene en los migrantes. La metodología utilizada fue una revisión sistemática cualitativa, utilizando las bases de datos EBSCOhost, PubMed, Dialnet, BVS y Redalyc mediante los descriptores: estrés aculturativo y estrés por aculturación; se seleccionaron 15 artículos publicados en español e inglés, abarcando el período de enero de 2012 a diciembre de 2023, utilizando el método PRISMA. Los resultados de esta revisión indican que los principales factores que generan estrés aculturativo son la discriminación, la falta de conexión con la nueva cultura, las dificultades de comunicación y otros aspectos relacionados con los estilos de vida del país de acogida. El estrés aculturativo se inicia desde el momento de la decisión de migrar hasta la integración o reintegración completa del migrante.
Acculturative stress results from the process of adapting, learning and adopting norms, values and behaviors characteristic of a different culture. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify the implications and adverse effects that this type of stress has on migrants. The methodology used was a qualitative systematic review, using the databases EBSCOhost, PubMed, Dialnet, BVS and Redalyc using the descriptors: acculturative stress and acculturation stress; 15 articles published in Spanish and English were selected, covering the period from January 2012 to December 2023, using the PRISMA method. The results of this review indicate that the main factors that generate acculturative stress are discrimination, lack of connection with the new culture, communication difficulties and other aspects related to the lifestyles of the host country. Acculturative stress starts from the moment of the decision to migrate until the complete integration or reintegration of the migrant.
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