Repercusiones del sexting en la salud mental de los adolescentes
The impact of sexting on the mental health of adolescentsContenido principal del artículo
La adolescencia se caracteriza por cambios neurobiológicos que incrementan la vulnerabilidad a conductas de riesgo como el sexting. El objetivo de la investigación es evaluar las repercusiones del sexting en la salud mental adolescente mediante revisión sistemática. La metodología es una revisión sistemática siguiendo metodología PRISMA. Búsqueda en PubMed, SciELO, Scopus y ERIC (2015-2024) usando términos "Sexual Behavior", "Adolescent", "Text Messaging". Se incluyeron 15 estudios (n=25,847 participantes). El sexting consensuado mostró asociaciones débiles con problemas de salud mental (r=0.04-0.05), mientras el no consensuado presentó correlaciones fuertes con depresión (r=0.14-0.16), ansiedad y autolesiones (r=0.13-0.17). Los perpetradores exhiben impulsividad, agresividad e insensibilidad emocional. El sexting no consensuado genera consecuencias psicológicas severas. Se requieren intervenciones preventivas basadas en fortalecimiento de funciones ejecutivas y educación integral en sexualidad.
Adolescence is characterized by neurobiological changes that increase vulnerability to risky behaviors such as sexting. The objective of the research is to evaluate the repercussions of sexting on adolescent mental health through a systematic review. The methodology is a systematic review following the PRISMA methodology. Search in PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, and ERIC (2015-2024) using the terms “Sexual Behavior,” “Adolescent,” and “Text Messaging.” Fifteen studies (n=25,847 participants) were included. Consensual sexting showed weak associations with mental health problems (r=0.04-0.05), while non-consensual sexting showed strong correlations with depression (r=0.14-0.16), anxiety, and self-harm (r=0.13-0.17). Perpetrators exhibit impulsivity, aggressiveness, and emotional insensitivity. Non-consensual sexting generates severe psychological consequences. Preventive interventions based on strengthening executive functions and comprehensive sexuality education are required.
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